This red, white, and blue portrait of model Kim Goetz was made using a Bowens Esprit 1000 with a 45" Westcott Halo for monolights as the main light. Fill light was provided from the white side of a 42" Silver/White Westcott Illuminator reflector. The Esprit 1000's continuously variable power setting was used to give me a solid f/8, read by a Gossen Luna Star F2 meter that was set for Kodak 100VS film. Exposure was bracketed in half-stop increments plus and minus of the measured f/8. This is the half-stop over image. The metered image was somewhat richer in color and would have been acceptable, but the author preferred this one because of the model's expression and overall image density. (Camera was a Contax Aria with 85mm f/2.8 Carl Zeiss lens with a Softar I filter attached.) Photos © 2000, Joe Farace, All Rights Reserved

The power ratings for the four units are integrated into their names. The Esprit 250, for example, has a rated output of 250 ws and the Esprit 1500 puts out a healthy 1500 ws. (See chart for detailed descriptions.) While some shutterbugs might be confused by watt second ratings and what they really mean, I prefer to think of them as similar to horsepower specifications for automobile engines. A 300 horsepower V-8 engine can move a Chev-rolet Camaro along briskly, but a similarly rated engine in a Jaguar XK8 will rip up the pavement. In either case, you know that an engine of any given size is going to produce so much power, and that's how I feel about watt second ratings.

Testing The Lights
To give the Esprit monolights a real-world test, I set up each light 10' away from a potential full-length portrait subject. I used a Gossen Luna Star F2 set for ISO 100 film to measure the resulting aperture. This setup is a good way to test output. Each monolight was equipped with the standard Bowens reflector/umbrella holder along with a 45" Westcott Satin White umbrella with removable black cover. This minimizes the amount of light lost when bouncing into and through the fabric. The resulting apertures were: Esprit 250 (f/4.0.9); Esprit 500 (f/5.6.9); Esprit 1000 (f/8.0.7); and Esprit 1500 (f/11.5). I think that any or all of these monolights will produce more than enough power to light everything from portraits to product photography.

The entire Esprit series of monolights seem designed to accommodate many different kinds of working styles. During my tests, these additional helpful features became apparent. The first one I noticed was a "beep" tone that some emitted when full recycle was achieved. While this audible tone can be turned off, many photographers might prefer it. I was ambivalent about the beep, but my wife Mary, a now-retired on-location photographer who assisted me with these tests, liked the feedback it provided. The proportional modeling light can also be turned up or down as you need it. In actual sessions, I found that I used every setting from dim to all the way up, depending on what or whom I was photographing. You can also turn the modeling light off, but if you do, you lose the ability to see the lights come back up to full power an indication that the Esprit has fully recycled--the way I prefer to work. These options are available through the side-mounted controls and a few simple switches on the back of each light.

The Esprit 1500, besides being the largest, most powerful of the lights, has an LCD panel indicating the chosen power setting. You can set it for 500, 1000, or 1500 ws, which came in handy when doing my initial tests. When I fired the light for the first time, Mary told me the meter indicated that it produced the same output as the Esprit 1000, which is when I glanced at the 1500 and saw the "1000" glowing on its side. Changing a rocker switch to 1500 ws I immediately saw an increase in power output.

Esprit 250.

This pointed out another feature which many users will find useful. On this model, the power settings are achieved by varying the power knob and by using a switch that sets specific power output. You can use the variable power output knob to set precise output levels no matter which power setting is selected. This means you can shorten recycle times as you lower power output, which can result in a 1.1 sec recycle time at full power with the Esprit 1500 set at watt seconds. This fast recycling time is great for anyone photographing children or other active subjects.

This photograph of model Kim Goetz was made using a Bowens Esprit 500 as a main light with a 45" Westcott Halo. The light was placed to the right of camera position and close to the model to produce soft light. An Esprit 250 with a 45" Westcott Satin White umbrella attached to the standard Bowens reflector provided fill. The lighting ratio was balanced using the monolights' continuously variable power settings, with the fill gradually raised to produce an f/8.5 exposure. Lighting was so consistent that even with bracketed exposures there were "no" unacceptable results. The image you see here was made at the metered exposure. (Camera used was a Contax Aria with 85mm f/2.8 Carl Zeiss lens with a Softar I filter attached on Fuji Provia F 100 film.)

Using The Lights
The Bowens monolights were a delight to use under actual working conditions. Controls have simple icons for labels and were intuitive to use. The continuously variable power setting allowed me to dial in the exact apertures that I needed. This was especially handy when working with slide film, which requires rigorous exposure control. In my testing with Kodak 100VS and Fuji 100 Provia F I used the power knob to dial a precise f/stop. I also exposed some Ilford FP4 Plus black and white and Kodak Supra color negative film and used that same knob to dial in plus 1/3 stop, my exposure preference for black and white or color negative films. In this respect, you can think of the power output knob as an extension of the exposure compensation dial you may have on your camera.

I then mounted a 45" Westcott Halo (Mono) on the Esprit 500. The installation of the Halo was easy, since the standard Bowens reflector has a built-in umbrella shaft mount. With the Halo in place I was able to dial up a perfect f/8 at 1/16 power. This meant that flash recycle time was almost instantaneous and I never felt like I had to wait while photographing a portrait or glamour model. Once the modeling light and on/off settings were made with the rocker switches on the back of the monolights, I used the variable output power and modeling light controls to fine-tune the setup during any pose changes. The 250w tungsten halogen modeling lights don't generate much heat, but can get warm. I prefer to dial them back after I have the lighting set. Multi-light setups with the other Esprit units are a snap, since they all have built-in slaves. On some of the lights, the slaves can be turned off if the synch cord is connected.

Esprit 1500.

The Monolight Advantage
There has always been a minor controversy about the pros and cons of choosing monolights over separate head and power pack lighting systems. I've always preferred monolights for several reasons. Since the power pack is in the head, if one fails, you still have all of your other monolights to make the photographs. When you're on location, running back to the studio or getting the light repaired while your client or portrait subject waits is usually not an option. One of the images I made during this test used a single Esprit 500 monolight and an umbrella--lighting doesn't get any simpler than that--yet the results were more than acceptable. Another advantage is built-in slaves, which eliminates cables from each head running all over the floor. In addition to the inherent safety of this kind of setup, using monolights lets you put lights in places you could never use a separate head and power pack system, such as to fill in shadows far in the background for an environmental portrait. In short, I like working with monolights, and the Esprit family represents some of the best I've tried.

For more information, contact Imaging Concepts International, 900 W Bliss St., Chicago, IL 60622; (800) 446-5565.

Esprit 500.

Watt Seconds: A measure of an electronic flash unit's power. Watt Seconds are indications of power and do not indicate the amount of light that can be produced by a given electronic flash unit. Watt Seconds are simply a measurement of the power and discharge capacity of an electronic flash's power supply, which in the case of monolights is built into its head.

Guide Number (GN): It is calculated as an equation where: Subject distance X f/stop = GN Guide Numbers are quoted in feet or meters (depending on where you're located). Guide Numbers are only valid for a given film's ISO speed but typically are based on using ISO 100 film. In the chart, Bowens uses a 50 key light reflector to determine this value. In my own testing, I used a 45" umbrella to come up with apertures that might be lower than the Guide Numbers shown in this chart, but keep in mind that the GN will vary with whatever light modifying device is used with any manufacturer's lights.

Proving that you don't need to have a lot of lighting gear to make a nice portrait, this photograph of model Kim Goetz was made using only a single Bowens Esprit 500 with a 45" Westcott Satin White umbrella attached to the standard Bowens reflector. Fill was provided by the natural light coming from a north facing window. A shutter speed of 1/30 of a sec was used to allow the ambient light to provide a nice feel. This image was made at the metered exposure of f/8. (Camera was a Contax Aria with 85mm f/2.8 Carl Zeiss lens with a Softar I filter attached.)

Flash Duration: The length of time that elapses from triggering the electronic flash tube. This is very short, usually just several microseconds. A flash bulb, on the other hand, has a delay of 20 milliseconds before peak power is even reached, hence the M synch terminals on some cameras. This short flash duration makes electronic flash useful for stopping action.

Recycle Time: The time it takes after the electronic flash has fired until it is fully charged again and able to be triggered and deliver a full amount of light.

F/stop Range: Range of stops that the light can achieve using the Esprit monolight's built-in continuously variable controls.

Cooling System: All this on and off flashing creates heat and the smaller Esprit electronic flash units are air cooled. With larger, more powerful units, such as the Esprit 1000 and 1500, Bowens uses a fan to keep the heads cool so they last longer and more importantly continue to deliver consistent, safe output.

Built-in Slave: Instead of having to plug in an external device, all of the Bowens monolights have a built-in slave that can be tripped by another monolight or the small electronic flash units built into many cameras, such as the Canon EOS Elan 7E.